3D Modelling and Animation

Blender

1. About Blender 2.69

Blender is a professional free and open-source 3D graphic software product which is used for creating animated films, visual effects, 3D printed models, interactive 3D applications and video games.

Flexible Interface
Novice and advanced users will love the ability to customize their layout completely. From simply splitting their viewport, to fully customizing it with python scripting, blender works for you.
Video Editing
Blender even comes with a built-in Video Editor. The Video Editor allows you to perform basic actions like video cuts and splicing, as well as more complex tasks like video masking.
Library of Extensions
With a large community of enthusiasts and developers, Blender comes loaded with a vast array of extensions that you can turn on or off easily.
Game Creation
Included in Blender is a complete game engine, allowing you to create a fully featured 3d game right inside Blender.
Amazing Simulations
Whether you need a crumbling building, rain, fire, smoke, fluid, cloth or full on destruction, Blender delivers great looking results.
Fast UV Unwrapping
Easily unwrap your mesh right inside Blender, and use image textures or paint your own directly onto the model.

2. Using Blender

Using Blender we have created numerous amount of 3D models and animations from Castle Modelling to Trees Modelling , from a moving Submarine to a moving Train to Sailboat sailing over tough tides.

3. The Submarine

This was our First Crack at Blender, Our First Animated Model, The Submarine.

The Submarine we tried to create was a cartoon submarine taken from this 'The Beatles' poster which will be used as our background

Steps to design this.

1. If a default cube exists on your blender screen, right click to select it (right click is always used for selection in blender) and delete it using Xkey or Delete key.

2. Now we will add the background image. To add image in background we have to move to UV/ image editor. Click on the Editor Type button in the lower left corner of the 3D Editor Viewport
Header and select UV Image Editor.

3. Click on the Image Button in the UV Editor Header and select “Open”. This will open Blenders file Browser. Locate the background image file, select it and press on the Open button.

This will add image to the UV/image editor

4. Click on the Editor Type button in the lower left corner of the UV Image Editor Header
and select 3D View. (The reverse process of going into UV image editor from 3D view that we did earlier).
5. To incorporate this image into our Blender scene PRESS THE NKEY.
6. Scroll down to the Background Images Panel and click on the “Add Image” button.

Click on the Browse ID Data button located to the left of the open button. Select your image.
Place a checkmark into the checkbox to the left of the Background Image panel name. This will active the tool.

7. We will always work on Orthographic view. Press NUMPAD-5 to go from default perspective view to orthographic. To see the background image go to front orthographic view (NUMPAD-1).

8. We also want the image to be scaled a bit larger than the default scale of 5. Click
Size control and set the Size scale to 7.
Press CTRL-NUMPAD-3. This is the Blender shortcut for Left Side
view. The background image should appear on your display.

Now Comes The Modelling Part

1. Place your 3D cursor in the center of the yellow sub background (by left-clicking there).
Make sure you are in the solid shading mode. Blender has a shortcut for jumping from wireframe mode to sholid shading mode and vice versa which is ZKEY.
2. Press SHIFT-A. This will display Blender’s ADD menu. Select Mesh / Circle.

In the Add Circle panel on the left 3D Editor viewport panel set the number of vertices to 20. In the right 3D Editor Viewport properties panel set the Rotation X to 90 degrees.

The circle in front view is now just a small yellow line. Press the SKEY (Scale) and scale up the circle object until it is as large (vertically) as the largest part of the sub.

Press the AKEY to deselect the circle (Akey is used for selection and deselection). In Left Side View, it looks like a black line running vertically.

Right-click select the circle object again. Press the TAB Button to enter EDIT MODE (Tab button is used to jump from object to edit mode). Make sure if all the vertices are selected, if not press Akey 2 times.

3. We will now EXTRUDE the selected vertices to give the circle mesh some dimension.
Press the EKEY (Extrude) then press the YKEY and extrude the circle shape along the
Y-axis until it looks like the image below. Left click to set the extrusion in place.

In Left Side View, it looks like a black line running vertically. Right-click select the circle object again. Press the TAB Button to enter EDIT MODE (Tab button is used to jump from object to edit mode). Make sure if all the vertices are selected, if not press Akey 2 times. 3. We will now EXTRUDE the selected vertices to give the circle mesh some dimension. Press the EKEY (Extrude) then press the YKEY and extrude the circle shape along the Y-axis until it looks like the image below. Left click to set the extrusion in place.]]
Hold you Middle Mouse Button (MMB) down and drag a bit to orbit your view to 3
dimensions.

Go back to left view. Ctrl-Numpad 3.

4. Again press the EKEY (Extrude) and then press the YKEY and extrude the vertices along the
Y-axis . Left click to set the extrusion. Click on the blue translation arrowhead and move the set of vertices down. Then press the SKEY (Scale) and scale the set of vertices down a bit as shown below.
Go back to left view. Ctrl-Numpad 3.

Repeat this process until you reach the end and cover the background.

Press the AKEY to deselect the vertices. Press the ZKEY to enter shaded mode. MMB
drag to orbit your view a bit to 3 dimensions.

Press the ZKEY to return to wireframe mode. Go to Left Side view (CTRL-NUMPAD-3)

5. Press the BKEY and box select the left side set of vertices. Extrude (EKEY) these vertices to the left along the Y axis (YKEY) as shown below.

Perform the next extrusions to the left along the Y-axis as shown below.

Press your Middle mouse button and drag into a more dimensional user view.

Zoom in on the rudder area and box select (Bkey) the middle set of vertices. Use the transform widget green arrow to move these vertices to the right along the Y-axis as shown below.

Do the same thing to the middle vertices of left side. It looks like this in solid mode.

Zoom in on the nose of the submarine. BKEY (Box select) the right set of vertices and EKEY (Extrude) them to the right a bit along the Y Axis (YKEY). With the vertices still selected, Press the Merge button located in the left 3D Editor Tools panel. Then select “At Center”.

6. Using the same technique as adding mesh add a cylinder mesh. Scale it down (Skey) and Extrude it multiple times.

With the vertices still selected rotate it by pressing Rkey then 45 for 45 deg. Then again extrude.

After creating Periscope this is your Submarine. Name this object “Periscope” in the right 3D Editor viewport properties panel.

Now Go to Rudder Area and Add a plane mesh.

Proceeding the same way create and add a propeller to the submarine.

Now this is your Complete Submarine

ANIMATION
We will now add some animation to our Blender Scene. We will start by animating the
Periscope. First we need to set the animation length. In the Animation Timeline Editor at
the bottom of the display set the animation END to 100 frames. (Make sure the start is set
at 1)

Select the periscope object and set its rotation to X=Y=Z=0.
Make sure you cursor is inside of the 3D Editor Viewport with the periscope object
selected only and press the IKEY (Insert Keyframe) and add a Rotation keyframe to
frame 1 for the Periscope object.
Go to frame 100 set Z rotation to 3600 and press IKEY.
Play the animation by pressing on the play button.
In the same way rotate the propeller and change location of the submarine frame by frame and press Ikey.
Now rendered this animation from the right properties panel.
Vola!! Your Submarine is ready to conquer the world.

3.1. The Submarine Animation

4. Candle Animation

This is a small video tutorial on how to make a 3D Candle that will tell you all about the different tools and shortcuts.

5. Some More Designs

We have made plethora of other 3D models and animation.

5.1. Castle Modelling

5.2. The Globe

For the Globe we used this textures for texturing the globe surface, arm and base respectively.

5.2.1. The Globe Animation

5.3Rocket Steam Locomotive

5.3.1. Rocket Steam Locomotive Animation

5.4. Shark Animation

5.5. Swarm of bees

5.6. Deciduous trees

5.7. Sailboat

6. Links used

http://www.blender.org/
http://www.blender.org/support/tutorials/
http://www.creativebloq.com/3d-tips/blender-tutorials-1232739
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_%28software%29

7. Designers

1. Sakti Saurav (2014093)
2. Vivek Negi (2014121)
3. Sameer Malik (2013140)